ABSTRACT
A avaliação neuropsicológica é um procedimento fundamental especialmente a pacientes que possam apresentar suspeita de transtornos neurológicos, psicológicos ou psiquiátricos. Uma de suas finalidades é mapear aspectos do perfil psicológico e comportamental do examinando e, com isso, auxiliar o diagnóstico em saúde mental. Frequentemente, esse processo integra os resultados obtidos por instrumentos de medida e aspectos dinâmicos relacionados à interpretação clínica. No entanto é possível identificar algumas dificuldades relacionadas a esse processo, tais como 1) limitações na compreensão de aspectos psicométricos e estatísticos por parte dos profissionais, 2) a utilização de instrumentos, em contextos clínicos que originalmente foram desenvolvidos para avaliação de trânsito e seleção organizacional e 3) um baixo consenso da relação entre percentil e classificação, o que pode gerar inconsistências entre resultados e avaliações. Posto isso, o presente trabalho é um estudo teórico que revisita conceitos fundamentais em Estatística e Psicometria associados à Neuropsicologia, discute condições em que testes voltados para trânsito e organizações são utilizados em Neuropsicologia e apresenta uma proposta de classificação.
Neuropsychological assessment is a fundamental procedure, especially in cases of suspected neurological, psychological, or psychiatric disorders. One of its purposes is to map aspects of the patient's psychological and behavioral profiles and, with that, contribute to mental health's diagnostic process. This process combines the results obtained by psychometric instruments and dynamic aspects related to clinical evaluation. However, we note some difficulties related to this process, such as 1) limitations in the understanding of psychometric and statistical aspects by the professionals or clinicians; 2) use of instruments developed for Traffic Psychology assessment and personnel selection in industrial and organizational settings; 3) a low consensus on the relationship between percentile and classification or descriptors to scores that represent the performance obtained in the test, which can lead to inconsistencies between results and evaluations. That said, this theoretical study revisits fundamental concepts in Psychometrics and Statistics related to Neuropsychology, discusses the conditions under which contextual-unrelated tests are used in Neuropsychology, and provides a proposal for classification.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: El método de Moyers se utiliza en Cuba para predecir el tamaño de caninos y bicúspides no erupcionados. Objetivo: Determinar la precisión del método de Moyers para predecir tamaño de dientes no erupcionados en pacientes de Centro Habana. Material y métodos: Investigación de desarrollo en el Policlínico Luis Galván Soca de marzo 2019 a mayo de 2020. Universo formado por individuos de 12 a 24 años. Muestra de 100 personas seleccionadas por muestreo aleatorio simple. Se analizó la tabla de Moyers por sexos para todos los percentiles. Resultados: En el sexo femenino para la arcada superior e inferior el error cuadrático medio menor correspondió al percentil 50: 0,476 y 0,464 respectivamente; único donde las diferencias entre el valor estimado y el real no fueron significativas. Por tanto, el percentil elegible para féminas en ambas arcadas sería el 50 por ciento. En masculinos para la arcada superior el error cuadrático medio menor (0,576) para el percentil 65 con diferencias entre el valor estimado y el real no significativas(p=0,269); mientras en la arcada inferior fue de 0,592 para el percentil 75. Por tanto, el percentil elegible para hombres en la arcada superior fue el 65 y en la inferior el 75; la fuerza de esta correspondencia es intensa para ambas arcadas. Conclusiones: En la población que se estudia el método de Moyers, para predecir el tamaño de dientes no erupcionados es preciso en el sexo femenino, pero no en el masculino(AU)
Introduction: In Cuba, the Moyers method is used to predict the size of non-erupted canines and bicuspids. Objective: To determine the precision of the Moyers method to predict the size of non-erupted teeth in patients from Centro Habana municipality. Material and Methods: A development research was conducted in Luis Galván Soca Polyclinic from March 2019 to May 2020. The universe consisted of individuals aged 12-24 years. The sample was composed of 100 people who were selected by simple random sampling. Moyers table was analyzed by sex for all percentiles. Results: In the female sex, the lower mean square error for the upper and lower arches corresponded to the 50th percentile: 0.476 and 0.464 respectively, the only one in which the difference between the estimated and the real values was not significant. Therefore, for females, the eligible percentile in both arches would be 50 percent. In males, in the upper arches, the lower mean square error (0.576) for the 65th percentile showed no significant differences between the estimated and the real values (p = 0,269); however, in the lower arch it was 0,592 for the 75th percentile. Therefore, in the upper arch, the eligible percentile for males was 65 while, in the lower arch, it was 75; the strength of this correspondence is intense for both arches. Conclusions: In the population studied, the Moyers method was found to be accurate in predicting the size of non-erupted teeth in females, but not in males(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Health Centers , Cuspid , Bicuspid , Simple Random Sampling , CubaABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 3 324 escolares argelinos de 5 a 14 años, pertenecientes a 10 comunas de la Wilaya de Djelfa en la República Argelina Democrática y Popular, atendidos por la Brigada Médica Cubana Vilma Espín Guillois desde septiembre de 2007 hasta mayo de 2009. La investigación se basó en determinar los percentiles de peso, talla e índice de masa corporal por edad y sexo de la mencionada población, según las normas cubanas y las referencias de la Organización Mundial de la Salud y el Centro Nacional de Estadísticas de la Salud, a partir de cuyos resultados se elaboraron las tablas correspondientes para poder evaluar el proceso de crecimiento y estado nutricional de todos los niños y niñas de esas edades en dicho país.
A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in 3 324 Algerian schoolchildren aged between 5 to 14 years, belonging to 10 communes of Wilaya de Djelfa in the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria, attended by Vilma Espín Guillois Cuban Medical Brigade from September 2007 to May 2009. The investigation was based on determining the percentiles of weight, height and body mass index by age and sex of this population, according to the Cuban regulations and references of the World Health Organization and National Center for Health Statistics, from which results tables were made to evaluate the process of growth and nutritional status in children of those ages in this country.